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br Sources of funding br
2021-07-06
Sources of funding Disclosures Acknowledgments Introduction Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is a fundamental process to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. During glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, high glucose causes closure of ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels), sub
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cAMP mediated signaling pathways are important
2021-07-06
cAMP-mediated signaling pathways are important for maintaining metabolic homeostasis, and the effects of the glucagon/catecholamine–cAMP–PKA axis on energy balance have been well documented [20]. For example, SCH727965 of the PKA 2β regulatory subunit (RIIβ) in mice leads to increased expression of
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2021-07-06
Materials and methods Results Discussion The EP4 Doxycycline HCl sale for PGE2 is similar to the EP1, EP2 and EP3 receptors in that they all have seven transmembrane segments and are coupled to Gα subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, with a different Gα subunit for each receptor (Sugimot
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Diagnosis of NCC can be accomplished via imaging
2021-07-06
Diagnosis of NCC can be accomplished via imaging techniques and serological confirmatory testing. The best immunodiagnostic test for NCC, the enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot EITB (Tsang et al., 1989), is based on the detection of NHS-SS-Biotin to one or more of the 7 lentil-lectin glycoproteins (L
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DDR is one of two
2021-07-06
DDR1 is one of two, non-integrin tyrosine kinase receptors activated by collagen. Although DDR1 has five isoforms (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e) generated by alternative splicing, only DDR1a and 1b have active kinase domains, whereas DDR2, encoded by a distinct gene, has one isoform (Vogel et al., 2006). Coll
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Three structurally relat
2021-07-06
Acknowledgements Introduction Three structurally related fungal metabolites have been isolated from chloroform extracts of submerged rice cultures of Aspergillus terreus 23-1 from stored unhulled rice in Taiwan; these were named territrems A–C to indicate their biological origin (A. terreus) a
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br Results br Discussion The origin and fate of Tfh
2021-07-06
Results Discussion The origin and fate of Tfh cells has been intensely studied since their first description 14 years ago (Breitfeld et al., 2000, Schaerli et al., 2000). Although mice engineered to report BCL6 (Kitano et al., 2011, Liu et al., 2012) and interleukin-21 (IL-21) (Lüthje et al.,
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Amsacrine Our study provides proof of principle for dimerizi
2021-07-05
Our study provides proof of principle for dimerizing two different E3 ligases as a novel approach to inducing one ligase to degrade the other one. The outcome of ‘ligase versus ligase’ PROTAC-mediated activity might be unpredictable a priori, but could reveal a new mechanism for proximity-mediated h
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Several main strategies for targeting E s described in the
2021-07-05
Several main strategies for targeting E3s described in the literature include: in vitro screening using functional assays [86]; computer programs for predicting potential druggable pockets, including those at protein-protein interfaces, and subsequent docking-based in silico ligand screening [87]; f
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Structural homology modelling Intensive Phyre modelling was
2021-07-05
Structural homology modelling. Intensive Phyre2 modelling [44] was performed using the primary amino moxalactam receptor sequence of A1S_0222 as input to generate an atomistic 3D-homology model of A1S_0222. The fit to the SAXS data of the homology model as well as the fit to the data of the E. coli
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Indeed a significant difference was observed for the binding
2021-07-05
Indeed, a significant difference was observed for the binding of glycated α-synuclein. Thus, g-α-synuclein bound to other part of GAPDH in 4 of 10 simulations (Fig. 2F, brown, yellow and dark-green chains, and Fig. 2G, brown chain). This additional binding site is located on the interface between O
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br Discussion Our data demonstrate
2021-07-05
Discussion Our data demonstrate that the bicyclam AMD3100 strongly interacts with CXCR-4, whereas DS and AR177, two other compounds that also interfere with virus entry into the naloxone hydrochloride receptor (and interfere with virus binding), do not. AMD3100 is a unique compound in that it in
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Y-27632 Regarding the effects of CRF
2021-07-05
Regarding the effects of CRF on anxiety, Sahuque et al. (2006) have demonstrated that this neuropeptide also enhances anxiety when injected into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a Y-27632 structure that has also been related to defensive behavior (Casada and Dafny, 1991, Chen et al.,
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In humans individual differences in prefrontal dopamine
2021-07-05
In humans, individual differences in prefrontal dopamine are partially caused by the Val158Met single-nucleotide polymorphism on the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT). This gene controls activity of the COMT enzyme, which degrades extracellular catecholamines including dopamine. The Val varia
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Cx platin could improve the level
2021-07-05
Cx-platin could improve the level of cellular uptake and DNA platination, hence triggering distinct DNA damage repair pathways. The data (Fig. 3B, C and D) demonstrated that Cx-platin could increase the foci number of γH2AX in cancer cells, preventing the efficient DSBs repair. This gives a good exp
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