• Although the role of mossy fiber sprouting

  2024-04-23

  

  Although the role of mossy fiber sprouting in epileptogenesis has been challenged (Elmer et al., 1997, Nissinen et al., 2001), in addition to astrogliosis, mossy fiber sprouting is one of the characteristic histopathological findings in TLE (Kharatishvili et al., 2006, Pitkanen et al., 2007, Represa

• This study does have several limitations

  2024-04-22

  

  This study does have several limitations, mainly related to the DMSO vehicle. While DMSO is a known anti-inflammatory mediator,5, 12 it has been shown to upregulate ALOX5, which was not seen in this study (as we are likely underpowered to detect this difference). A manifestation of this anti-inflamm

• Our current knowledge on autophagy

  2024-04-22

  

  Our current knowledge on autophagy broadly differentiates it into three types: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy mainly involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic contents in a double-walled membrane followed by the fusion with the lysosomes. The lysosom

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2024-04-22

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming Moxifloxacin HCl mg in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively co

• br Conclusions In the current study we found that

  2024-04-22

  

  Conclusions In the current study, we found that the exposure of maduramicin to chicken myocardial eicosapentaenoic acid results in cellular damage and even death via the induction of apoptosis. Maduramicin upregulated the expression of apoptotic genes and activated caspase cascades, which were a

• Therefore VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different

  2024-04-22

  

  Therefore, VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different organs, including the kidneys, the liver and the osi sc 175 synthesis [55]. In the human placenta, VEGF is mainly synthesized by cytotrophoblast and Hofbauer cells early in the first trimester, whereas Flk-1 and Flt-1 receptors are expres

• Zotarolimus In addition to differential expression of AR pro

  2024-04-22

  

  In addition to differential expression of AR protein primarily in surgical specimens, genetic alterations involving the AR gene have been documented in human Zotarolimus cancer. Loss of heterozygosity at the AR locus was identified in all 3 informative cases of muscle-invasive bladder tumors, wherea

• A has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and impair

  2024-04-22

  

  Aβ has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and impair insulin signaling in neurons, preventing phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), downstream of insulin signaling, and to increase phosphorylation of tau protein causing neurofibrillary tangles (Tokutake et al., 20

• In this study Rb increased the phosphorylation of p

  2024-04-22

  

  In this study, Rb1 increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and Akt and macrophage phagocytosis of bacteria in mouse lung cells, consistent with the in vitro results. A recent study showed that Rb1 diminished the severity of lung injury in rats exposed to LPS. Rb1 inhibited the LPS-induced increase

• The macrophage is the major cell type responsible

  2024-04-22

  

  The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for cholesterol uptake and metabolism associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in focal areas of the arterial subendothelial space. In advanced atherosclerotic lesions of cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-induced macrophage

• Although the effects of adenosine receptor signaling

  2024-04-19

  

  Although the effects of adenosine receptor signaling in acute renal IRI have been attributed to the generation of high concentrations of adenosine, we have recently reported an increase in kidney levels of both AMP and adenosine, with a concomitant fall in ATP and ADP. We have also previously demon

• br Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread

  2024-04-19

  

  Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among various types of RNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Within these RNAs, inosine can appear in different locations as well. Table 1 lists examples

• br Antioxidative stress and anti inflammation Oxidative

  2024-04-19

  

  Antioxidative stress and anti-inflammation Oxidative stress is a major cause of reduced endothelial NO bioavailability in hypertension, and inflammatory response is thought to play an important role in these processes (Blake and Ridker, 2001, Landmesser et al., 2006). Reactive oxygen species (ROS

• br Introduction The principal pathways of adrenal and

  2024-04-19

  

  Introduction The principal pathways of adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis have been known for over 50 years (reviewed by Miller and Auchus, 2011). Cholesterol is first converted to pregnenolone via three reactions, 20-hydroxylation, 22-hydroxylation and scission of the 20,22 carbon–carbon bond,

• Mistletoe is universal name for various species

  2024-04-19

  

  Mistletoe is universal name for various species of parasitic plant which grows attached to and within the branches of host trees such as apple, elm, oak and pine. Mistletoe extract prepared from Viscum album, a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, is generally known as European mistletoe

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